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(Kindergarteners 5 Years of Age)
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Sensory-Motor Development
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Small Muscle – What can five-year-olds do? They can:
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- use fingers to make clay balls, snakes, and pancakes,
- use their hands and fingers easily in fingerplays,
- pour rice from one container to another without spilling,
- pour liquid from a small pitcher into a cup without spilling,
- string beads following a model,
- work a ten to twenty piece puzzle,
- fold and crease paper,
- cut along straight and curved lines,
- cut out simple figures with straight edges,
- draw lines with a crayon from left to right, right to left and top to bottom,
- draw triangles, circles, and squares using a model.
- draw a human figure with head, body, arms, legs, and features,
- draw a simple house with door, windows, roof and chimney, and
- write a few letters.
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Large Muscle - What can five-year-olds do? They can:
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- walk fast, quietly, loudly or on tiptoes,
- skip and climb,
- march and gallop,
- hop two or three yards forward on both feet or one foot,
- climb up and down stairs using one foot after another,
- balance on the balls of both feet or one foot for five seconds,
- move to music,
- bounce and catch a ball,
- ride a tricycle,
- jump over low objects,
- jump rope three times in a row,
- play simple action games such as relay races,
- bounce a ball ten times in a row, and
- do stunts such as somersaults and rolls.
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Self-Help – What can five-year-olds do? They can:
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- wash themselves;
- feed themselves easily;
- use a knife for cutting;
- dress and undress themselves with little trouble;
- try to tie and buckle shoes, and
- go to the toilet by themselves.
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What can five-year-olds do? They:
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- listen for longer periods of time,
- learn and use new words,
- pronounce words clearly and use sentences,
- imitate sounds or rhythm patterns,
- identify animal sounds, voices, and general sounds,
- repeat nursery rhymes, poems, or songs,
- ask to answer who, what, why, when, where or how questions,
- use words to tell you their needs, fears, feelings and ideas,
- enjoy telling stores about things that happened at home,
- act out stories,
- enjoy listening to stories,
- recall events in the same order as they happened,
- repeat at least five simple words in the same order that they hear them,
- follow a direction of at least three steps,
- say their full name and address, and
- use future tense.
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Social-Personal Development
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What do five-year-olds do? They can:
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- play simple games such as picture bingo,
- will work and play well with children, but may sometimes prefer to be left alone,
- can share, and understand taking turns,
- make friends with others who have the same interests,
- like to run errands,
- take responsibility for their actions,
- listen quietly when someone else is talking, and waiting their turn to speak,
- pick up and put belongings and toys away,
- are proud of and take care of their possessions and clothes,
- want to be like other children or adults,
- quarrel less often,
- follow a child who is a leader, or want to be a leader,
- respect each other’s belongings,
- know rules are necessary and look to adults for authority and security, and
- may take rules too seriously, become bossy, and tell tales often.
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What do five-year-olds do? They can:
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- like to finish projects they have started,
- begin to tell the difference between the truth and a lie,
- are eager to get to work,
- will sometimes remember and work on an activity from one day to the next,
- are critical of their own work,
- often have their own idea for an activity,
- have a definite purpose in using objects,
- tell similarities and differences,
- select the heavier of two objects,
- define simple words,
- know the names of coins such as penny, nickel and dime,
- count up to ten objects and answer the question, "How many?",
- recognize and name numbers zero to ten,
- count 1 to 20,
- print numbers one to five,
- tell the bigger of two things,
- copy their first and last names in printing,
- match and name the colors red, orange, yellow, blue, green, purple, white, pink, brown, black, gray and tan,
- group objects that are the same in length, weight, height, and size,
- name the shapes; triangle, square, rectangle, diamond and circle,
- use words to describe the location of an object,
- give their own age and birthday,
- name days of week, and
- know own right and left arms or hands.
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Reference: Michigan Department of Social Services
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