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Sensory-Motor Development
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Small Muscle – natural reflexes in babies of this age. Infants will:
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- turn to objects that touch the face near the mouth,
- bring arms and legs toward the middle of their bodies when startled,
- hold one arm and leg in bent position when put down of their backs. (The other arm and leg will extend. This is called the tonic neck reflex or "fencing position")
- hold their own weight by grasping your fingers placed in their hands,
- will fan out their toes when your finger is run along the bottom of their feet,
- suck,
- stare at or follow an object with their eyes,
- react to light, patterns, color, sound, taste, smell, temperature change and pain,
- grasp objects placed in their hands, and
- bring their fists together in front of their eyes and put their fists in their mouths.
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Large Muscle – infants learn to control their body muscles as they:
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- lift their chins,
- lift their heads while lying on their stomachs,
- raise their heads while lying on their backs as if trying to roll over,
- turn to sounds,
- may begin to roll over, and
- push arms or feet against your body when held.
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Infants 0 to 3 months of age will:
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- cry when something is wrong,
- make small throaty sounds other than crying,
- begin to babble and coo when alone or when talked to, and
- respond to sounds by blinking, turning the head, making gestures(hand movements) or making sounds.
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Social-Personal Development
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Infants 0 to 3 months of age will:
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- look at your face,
- smile back at people’s faces or voices,
- show discomfort or happiness by tensing the whole body or by crying and will quiet down when picked up or held, and
- smile or babble when rocked, held, talked to, and played with.
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Infants 0 to 3 months of age will:
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- stop sucking to look at something,
- look at patterns such as faces and shapes
- do one thing at a time,
- look for a long time at an object, especially if it is moving,
- notice a dangling object and may swat at it,
- watch their hands and feet for a long time,
- look from one thing to another,
- become bored with the same pictures, sounds, and toys,
- see differences in colors
- be startled by sounds and show a reaction by smiling or crying,
- be aware that something is close or far away,
- begin to connect people with things that happen such as mother with bottle,
- begin to be aware of and expect motion in things such as a hanging toy, and
- may stay awake for about 45 minutes at a time.
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Reference: Michigan Department of Social Services
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